نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیات علمی، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدگان ابوریحان-دانشگاه تهران

3 عضو هیات علمی، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدگان ابوریحان- دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

پتاسیم فراوان­ترین کاتیون­ معدنی در بافت­های گیاهی است که نقش اساسی در فرآیندهای فیزیولوژیک به ویژه رشد و متابولیسم گیاه ایفا می­کند. به منظور بررسی اثرات کود زیستی و شیمیایی پتاسیم و وزن بنه بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک و عملکردی زعفران، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل ‌تصادفی با هشت تیمار و سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی زعفران دانشکدگان ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران در سال زراعی 96-1395 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل دو مقدار کود شیمیایی سولفات پتاسیم (0 و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به عنوان فاکتور اول، دو مقدار کود زیستی پتابارور-2 (0 و 100 گرم در هکتار) به عنوان فاکتور دوم و دو وزن بنه کوچک (5-3 گرم) و بزرگ (10-8 گرم) به عنوان فاکتور سوم بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کود زیستی و شیمیایی پتاسیم اثرات مثبتی بر صفات اندازه‌گیری شده داشت، به‌طوری که منجر به افزایش عملکرد گل از طریق اقزایش تعداد گل، وزن تر گل و نیز وزن خشک کلاله گردید. کاربرد کود زیستی به تنهایی منجر به افزایش سه برابری تعداد گل در بنه بزرگ در مقایسه با بنه کوچک و شاهد شد. غلظت کربوهیدرات و پروتئین کل برگ و نیز آنتوسیانین گلبرگ تحت تأثیر کاربرد تلفیقی هر دو کود قرار گرفت و اختلاف معنی­داری با شاهد نشان داد. بطورکلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که کاربرد بنه بزرگ به همراه آغشته نمودن آنها به کود زیستی پتاسیم و کاربرد پیش از کشت کود شیمیایی پتاسیم در افزایش عملکرد گل و بهبود خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک دخیل در رشد زعفران نقش مؤثری دارد.  

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