نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه تربت حیدریه

2 تربت حیدریه- دانشگاه دولتی تربت حیدریه

چکیده

یکی از عوامل مهمی که باعث عدم تحقق اهداف توسعه کشاورزی و افزایش تولید و درآمد کشاورزان در کشورهای درحال­توسعه می­شود نارسایی سیستم توزیع محصولات کشاورزی است. زعفران به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین محصولات کشور از این امر مستثنا نمی­باشد. لذا هدف اصلی این مطالعه طراحی مسیر بهینه توزیع زعفران با کاربرد روش برنامه­ریزی آرمانی چند انتخابی است. به‌منظور دستیابی به این هدف آمار و اطلاعات موردنیاز با استفاده تکمیل 352 پرسش­نامه در بخش تولیدکنندگان، 40 پرسش­نامه در بخش عمده­فروشان و 150 پرسش­نامه در بخش خرده‌فروشان با روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی در دسترس و در شهرستان تربت­حیدریه به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین مراکز تولید این محصول جمع­آوری گردید. نتایج حاصل از بهینه­سازی مدل نشان داد 64 درصد از کشاورزان نمونه مورد مطالعه کمتر از 10 کیلوگرم زعفران را به انبار فرضی منتقل می­کنند. 32 درصد از کشاورزان بین 10 تا 50 کیلوگرم و تنها 4 درصد آنان بیش از 50 کیلوگرم زعفران را به انبار فرضی منتقل کردند. 62 درصد عمده‌فروشان کمتر از 100 کیلو زعفران و 38 درصد مابقی بیشتر از 100 کیلو زعفران را از انبار فرضی دریافت نمودند. همچنین20 درصد عمده‌فروشان کمتر از 20 کیلو زعفران، 52 درصد آنان بین 20 تا 40 کیلو زعفران و 28 درصد بیش از 40 کیلو زعفران را به خرده‌فروشان انتقال دادند. طبق پاسخ بهینه مدل، متوسط میزان انتقال زعفران از خرده‌فروشان به بخش کدکن، جلگه رخ، بایگ و بخش مرکزی تربت­حیدریه نیز به ترتیب برابر 0.88، 0.34، 0.87 و 32.76 کیلوگرم گزارش شد. همچنین نتایج بهینه­سازی مدل با سه کانال توزیع نشان داد کانال توزیع شماره 2 (کشاورز- خرده‌فروش- مصرف‌کننده) به‌عنوان کانال بهینه با کمترین هزینه انتخاب گردید.

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