نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی؛ دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج
2 گروه مدیرت توسعه روستایی- دانشگاه یاسوج-یاسوج
چکیده
امروزه به منظور افزایش بهره‌وری منابع آب و خاک در شرایط خشکسالی کشور و همچنین نظر به خروج از اقتصاد تک محصولی و رسیدن به توسعه پایدار اقتصادی، کشت‌های نوین به‌ویژه زعفران در مناطق مستعد بسیار حائز اهمیت است. لذا، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی امکان کشت زعفران از دیدگاه کشاورزان روستاهای شهرستان ارسنجان بود. روش انجام پژوهش حاضر کمّی و از نوع پیمایش بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی کشاورزان روستاهای شهرستان ارسنجان در سال زراعی ۱۳۹۸-۱۳۹۷ بودند که از این تعداد، ۱۱۵ نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بود که روایی ظاهری و محتوایی آن توسط اساتید دانشگاهی و پایایی مؤلفه‌های آن با یک مطالعه مقدماتی و تعیین آلفای کرونباخ بیشتر از 5/0 حاصل شد. نتایج حاصل از آزمون تی تست نشان داد که امکان کشت زعفران با توجه به مقدار میانگین متغیرهای نگرش کشاورز (۸۳/۳) و ویژگی‌های نوآوری محصول شامل مزیت نسبی (۳۷/۳)، آزمون‌پذیری (۲۰/۳)، سازگاری (۴۲/۳) و قابلیت رؤیت (۱۴/۳) در منطقه وجود دارد. در ادامه با تحلیل خوشه‌ای، کشاورزان مورد مطالعه به سه دسته مثبت‌گرایان تنگ‌دست، اعتدال‌گرایان مرفه و منفی‌گرایان تنگ‌دست تقسیم شدند. پنجاه درصد از کشاورزان که در دسته منفی‌گرایان تنگ‌دست قرار گرفتند، بر این عقیده‌اند که امکان کشت با توجه به ویژگی‌های اقتصادی، اجتماعی آنها و دیدگاه-شان نسبت به نوآوری، وجود ندارد. .در نهایت پیشنهاد می‌گردد که کشاورزان با توجه به دسته‌بندی در گروه‌های مختلفی که قرار می‌گیرند، بسترهای لازم برای بهتر شدن شرایط اقتصادی کشاورزان با ساز و کارهایی نظیر تسهیلات بانکی کم‌بهره و بسته‌های حمایتی-کشاورزی، ترویج، کلاس‌ها و کارگاه‌های ترویجی، قرارداد با مراکز تحقیقات جهت بازدید از مزارع نمایشی نظیر مزارع نتیجه‌ای و طریقه‌ای بستر لازم جهت تأثیرگذاری روی سایر کشاورزان تسهیل شود.
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