نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، پردیس ابوریحان- دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیات علمی، پردیس ابوریحان- دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر غلظت های مختلف شبه هورمون اسید سالیسیلیک و روشهای کاربرد آن و نیز وزن بنه مادری بر عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی زعفران آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل فاکتور اول روش کاربرد هورمون (پرایمینگ بنه، محلول پاشی برگ) به عنوان کرت اصلی، فاکتور دوم هورمون اسید سالیسیلیک در سه سطح (عدم کاربرد و کاربرد با غلظت 1 و 2 میلی مولار)، فاکتور سوم دو وزن مختلف بنه زعفران که شامل بنه های ریز ( 5-3 گرم) و بنه های درشت (10- 8 گرم) به عنوان کرت فرعی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد میزان رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی (کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b و کاروتنوئیدها)، پروتئین محلول بنه، پروتئین محلول برگ، هیدرات کربن برگ، وزن تر و تعداد بنه های دختری با کاربرد هورمون اسید سالیسیلیک افزایش یافت. همچنین میزان هیدرات کربن بنه نیز با کاربرد هورمون نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. بیشترین میزان هیدرات کربن برگ، پروتئین محلول بنه، پروتئین محلول برگ، طول برگ، سطح برگ و تعداد بنه دختری در روش کاربرد به صورت پرایمینگ بنه به ترتیب به میزان 9/4، 8/1، 6/1 میلی گرم وزن تر نمونه، 252، 318 میلی متر و 5/13 عدد بدست آمد. بیشترین میزان رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b و کاروتنوئید مربوط به روش کاربرد هورمون به صورت محلول پاشی برگی به ترتیب به میزان 12، 5/9 و 19/1 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر نمونه بدست آمد. به طور کلی نتایج حاکی از اثرات مثبت کاربرد هورمون اسید سالیسیلیک (1 و 2 میلی مولار) با دو روش کاربرد و اندازه بنه درشت تر بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی مورد بررسی در این پژوهش بر گیاه زعفران داشت.

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