نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
عضو هیئت علمی گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه تربت حیدریه
چکیده
مصرف مقادیر بالای کودهای ازته علاوه بر اینکه هدف زارع که همان افزایش محصول است را برآورده نمی‌کند، بلکه باعث ایجاد آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی می‌شود. اینکه چگونه به بهترین نحو مصرف کود ازته را توسط کشاورزان تحت تأثیر قرار دهیم تا آلودگی‌های حاصله را بدون تأثیر بر رفاه و فرصت‌های توسعه‌ای آن‌ها کاهش دهیم، موضوع مهمی است که باید مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف پاسخگویی به این سوال برای محصول زعفران انجام شده است. برای این منظور، عوامل موثر در مصرف کود ازته در منطقه تربت حیدریه، به عنوان یکی از مناطق عمده تولید زعفران، مورد بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. در این راستا از اطلاعات مربوط به 400 زعفران کار که در سال 1395 از منطقه تربت حیدریه جمع آوری گردیده، استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از برآورد الگوی لاجیت حاکی از ارتباط مثبت متغیرهای سن مزرعه زعفران، سن کشاورز، اندازه مزرعه، دفعات آبیاری و داشتن شغل غیر زراعی با سطح مصرف کود ازته و ارتباط منفی میان متغیرهای سطح تحصیلات، میزان مصرف کود حیوانی، حاصلخیزی خاک، قیمت کود ازته و تجربه با سطح مصرف کود ازته می‌باشد. براین اساس، تلاش در جهت آگاهی بیشتر زعفران کاران با مدیریت مصرف کودها، ارائه گزینه‌های تکنولوژیکی نوین، بویژه برای مزارع بزرگ، و استفاده از سیاستهای قیمتی با هدف جایگزینی نهاده های دیگر همچون کودهای بیولوژیک، پیشنهاد می شود.
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