نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی گیاهان دارویی، گروه باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران

2 استادیارگروه باغبانی و مرکز پژوهشی گیاهان ویژه منطقه، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند.

3 استادیارگروه باغبانی و مرکز پژوهشی گیاهان ویژه منطقه، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند

4 دانشیار گروه پژوهشی زعفران و مرکز پژوهشی گیاهان ویژه منطقه دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی تاثیر سطوح مختلف نیتروکسینوورمی­کمپوست بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و رشدی زعفران، آزمایشی در دو  سال زراعی 1394 و 95در دانشگاه بیرجند به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل نیتروکسین در سه سطح (صفر، 5، 10 لیتر در هکتار) و ورمی­کمپوست در چهار سطح (صفر، 5، 10 و 15 تن در هکتار) در نظر گرفته شد. در این آزمایش صفاتی شامل تعداد گل و عملکرد گل تر و کلاله خشک، اجزاء برگ (تعداد، طول و وزن­تر و خشک) و رنگیزه­های آن (کلروفیلa ، b، کل و سبزینگی) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که  نیتروکسین تعداد و عملکرد گل تر و  عملکرد خشک کلاله، را تحت تاثیر خود قرار داد، به طوری که در سال اول و دوم به ترتیب بیشترین تعداد گل ( 75/8  و 33/45 در متر مربع)، عملکرد گل تر (76/2  و 04/13 گرم در متر مربع)، و عملکرد کلاله خشک (006/0 و 03/0 گرم در متر مربع) از تیمار 5 لیتر در هکتار نیتروکسین و کمترین آن از شاهد به دست آمد.نتایج، نشان دهنده تاثیر مثبت نیتروکسین بر اجزاء برگ (تعداد، طول و وزن­تر) و رنگیزه­های آن (کلروفیلa ، b، کل و سبزینگی) بود. همچنین ورمی­کمپوست باعث افزایش معنی­دار، عملکرد خشک کلاله، تعداد، طول و وزن تر برگ و رنگیزه­های کلروفیلa ، b، کل و سبزینگی در زعفران گردید، بطوریکه بیشترین میزان کلروفیلb ، کل و سبزینگی با کاربرد 10 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست و کمترین آنها در شاهد مشاهده شد. نتایج برهمکنش نیتروکسین و ورمی­کمپوست در طی دو سال نیز،  عملکرد تر گل، عملکرد خشک کلاله، طول برگ، کلروفیلa ، b، کل و سبزینگی زعفران را تحت تاثیر خود قرار داد. به طور کلی نتایج، بیانگر تاثیر مثبت نیتروکسین و ورمی­کمپوست بر عملکرد کمی و خصوصیات رشدی زعفران بود.

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