نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مربی پژوهشکده علوم و صنایع غذایی مشهد
2 استادیار پژوهشکده علوم و صنایع غذایی مشهد
چکیده
این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی روند تغییرات ترکیبات فنولی و نیتروژن در ریزوسفر و اندام‌های هوایی و زیرزمینی این گیاه در طول فصل رشد، در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار طی دو سال 1387 و 1388 انجام شد. چهار نوبت نمونه‌برداری از ریزوسفر، بنه و برگ زعفران طی مهر و بهمن ماه 1387 و اردیبهشت و تیر ماه 1388 از مزارع چهار ساله زعفران در بخش مرکزی روستای آبرود در شهرستان تربت حیدریه انجام شد. به منظور اندازه‌گیری محتوی کل ترکیبات فنولی و نیتروژن به ترتیب از روش‌های فولین- سیوکالتو و هضم کجلدال استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که محتوی نیتروژن و فنول اندام‌های هوایی و زیرزمینی زعفران و ریزوسفر طی مراحل مختلف نمونه‌برداری به طور معنی‌داری متفاوت بود (05/0P<). محتوی ترکیبات نیتروژن و فنول برگ به مراتب بالاتر از بنه و ریزوسفر بدست آمد. به طوری‌که بیشترین میزان فنول، در مرحله اول، دوم، سوم و چهارم نمونه‌برداری به ترتیب برای بنه، برگ، برگ و ریزوسفر با 3/13، 7/47، 11/48و 28/0 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بدست آمد. بالاترین میزان نیتروژن در مرحله اول، دوم، سوم و چهارم نمونه‌برداری به ترتیب برای بنه، برگ، برگ و ریزسفر با 60/1، 29/2، 14/1 و 91/0 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم مشاهده شد. با افزایش غلظت نیتروژن، محتوی فنول به طور خطی افزایش یافت؛ به طوری‌که ضریبهمبستگی محتوی نیتروژن و فنول برابر با** 92/0=2 rتعیین گردید. افزایش مصرف نیتروژن تحت تأثیر افزایش تخصیص کربن با افزایش تولید مواد فتوسنتزی موجب افزایش غلظت ترکیبات فنولی به عنوان یکی از مهمترین متابولیت‌های ثانویه گردید.
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