نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه پیام نور،تهران، ایران.
10.22077/jsr.2024.7948.1236
چکیده
به منظور مطالعه خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گل زعفران تحت تاثیر کودهای مختلف زیستی و رژیم‌های آبیاری، آزمایشی طی دو سال زراعی 01-1400 و 02-1401 در اراضی کشاورزی شهر زیار اجراء شد. این آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. در این آزمایش کم‌آبیاری در سه سطح (50، 75 و 100 درصد) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و باکتری‌های آزادزی تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن (B-N)، باکتری‌های حل‌کننده پتاسیم (B-K)، باکتری‌های حل‌کننده فسفات (B-P)، ترکیب آن‌ها و شاهد بدون کود در هشت سطح به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین تعداد گل (9/79 عدد در متر مربع)، وزن تر گل (4/31 گرم در متر مربع)، وزن خشک کلاله (492/0 گرم در متر مربع)، وزن خشک خامه (122/0 گرم در متر مربع) و وزن خشک گل بدون کلاله و خامه (09/5 گرم در متر مربع) در تیمار 100 درصد نیاز آبی و کود زیستی NPK بدست آمد. از سوی دیگر نتایج خصوصیات کیفی زعفران نشان داد بیشترین میزان کروسین (253 میلی‌گرم در گرم)، پیکروکروسین (35 میلی‌گرم در گرم) و سافرانال (121 میلی‌گرم در گرم) در تیمار 75 درصد نیاز آبی و کود زیستی NPK بدست آمد. در نهایت، برای داشتن عملکرد مطلوب، بهترین تیمار، آبیاری 100 درصد نیاز آبی و کود زیستی ترکیبی NPK بود در حالی که از نظر کیفی، آبیاری 75 درصد نیاز آبی به‌همراه کود زیستی ترکیبی NPK دارای بهترین تیمار بود.
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