نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری بوم‌شناسی زراعی، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی زراعت، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش بهینه­ سازی­ کاربرد کودهای دامی و سولفات پتاسیم بر عملکرد گل و بنه زعفران با استفاده از روش سطح-پاسخ بود. این آزمایش با 13 تیمار (سطوح بالا و پایین کود دامی (به ترتیب 100 و صفر تن در هکتار) و سولفات پتاسیم (به ترتیب 400 و صفر کیلوگرم در هکتار)) و دو تکرار در دو سال زراعی در مزرعه دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد اجرا شد. شاخص­های عملکرد گل و بنه در سال دوم بعنوان متغیر وابسته اندازه ­گیری و تغییرات آنها با مدل­های رگرسیونی ارزیابی شد. به منظور ارزیابی کیفیت مدل­ها از آنالیز واریانس، عدم برازش، ضریب تبیین و میانگین جذر مربعات خطا استفاده شد. مقادیر بهینه کودها برای متغیرهای وابسته در سناریوی اقتصادی بر اساس شاخص مطلوبیت (D) تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر جزء خطی بر تعداد و وزن تر گل و قطر بنه­ های دختری، اثر جزء درجه دو کامل بر تعداد و وزن تر گل و اثر متقابل تنها بر وزن خشک بنه­ های دختری معنی­ دار بود. آزمون عدم برازش در مورد هیچ­ یک از شاخص های عملکرد گل و بنه ­های دختری زعفران معنی­ دار نبود که نشان­دهنده برازش مطلوب مدل می­ باشد. بیشترین وزن تر و تعداد گل در تیمار 100 تن کود دامی در هکتار+ عدم مصرف کود سولفات پتاسیم و بیشترین وزن خشک بنه­های دختری در تیمار 100 تن کود دامی در هکتار+ 400 کیلوگرم کود سولفات پتاسیم در هکتار به­ دست آمد. میزان بهینه مصرف کودهای دامی و سولفات پتاسیم براساس سناریوی اقتصادی 50/80 تن کود دامی در هکتار و 71/371 کیلوگرم کود سولفات پتاسیم در هکتار (98/0=D) محاسبه شد.

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