نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد-دانشکده کشاورزی- گروه زراعت

2 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

این آزمایش با هدف بررسی اثر سطوح کود دامی و آبیاری بر عملکرد گل و بنه زعفران با استفاده از طرح مرکب مرکزی با 13 تیمار و دو تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در دو سال زراعی 97-1396 و 98-1397 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل سطوح بالا و پائین کود دامی (به ترتیب صفر و 80 تن در هکتار) و سطوح بالا و پایین آبیاری‌ (به ترتیب 120 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی زعفران) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر جزء خطی بر قطر بنه دختری و تعداد بنه دختری در گروه وزنی 8-4 گرم معنی‌دار (05/0p≤) شد. اثر جزء درجه دو بر تعداد گل، وزن تر گل، وزن خشک کلاله و قطر بنه دختری معنی‌دار (05/0p≤) بود. اثر متقابل دو عامل کود دامی و آبیاری تنها بر وزن خشک بنه‌های دختری معنی‌دار (01/0p≤) بود و عدم برازش در مورد هیچ کدام از صفات معنی‌دار نشد که این امر ‌نشان‌دهنده برازش مطلوب مدل رگرسیون درجه دو کامل می‌باشد. بیشترین وزن خشک کلاله، وزن تر گل و تعداد گل مشاهده شده در تیمار 16 تن کود دامی و 5440 مترمکعب آبیاری در هکتار (به ترتیب با 65/0 و 75/27 گرم در مترمربع و 60 گل در مترمربع) به دست آمد. بالاترین وزن خشک بنه‌های دختری مشاهده شده در تیمار 32 تن کود دامی و 3200 مترمکعب آبیاری در هکتار (با 31/4463 گرم در مترمربع) به دست آمد. میزان بهینه مصرف کود دامی و آبیاری براساس سناریوی اقتصادی کاربرد 33/4693 مترمکعب آب در هکتار و 12/30 تن کود دامی در هکتار (با شاخص مطلوبیت 72/0) محاسبه شد.

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