نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 گروه باغبانی دانشگاه منابع طبیعی و کشاورزی گرگان

3 گروه علوم آب، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

4 گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور سبزوار

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر با بررسی برخی مزارع زعفران سبزوار، مزارع با پنج سطح شوری متفاوت محدوده 4/1 تا 9/1 dS/m و پنج سطح بی‌کربنات در محدوده 10تا 60 mg/l و پنج سطح pH آب آبیاری اثر آنها بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گل زعفران با استفاده از طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تمامی صفات اندازه‌گیری شده اجزای گل زعفران تحت تاثیر pH، EC و بی‌کربنات، تفاوت معنی‌داری داشتند. تحت تاثیر سطح یک شوری آب آبیاری اغلب پارامترهای اندازه گیری شده در بیشترین مقدار بودند. با افزایش سطوح شوری عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گل کاهش یافت. تعداد گل در شوری سطح یک به ترتیب 5/2 و 7 برابر سطح شوری دو و پنج بود. به همین ترتیب وزن خشک کلاله در شوری سطح یک 5/7 برابر سطح پنج بود. افزایش بی‌کربنات آب تا سطح 4 سبب افزایش وزن خشک کلاله به 03/4 میلی گرم شد که این مقدار تقریبا 9 برابر سطح 5 بی کربنات بود. همچنین بررسی اثر pH آب آبیاری بیانگر معنی دار بودن سطوح مختلف pH در تمامی صفات اندازه گیری شده بود. حداکثر وزن خشک کلاله (در دامنه pH 72/7 تا 05/8 مشاهده شد که 5/7 برابر سطح یک و 31 برابر سطح 5 بود. در نتیجه بیان می شود که در کنار کیفیت خاک، کیفیت آب آبیاری از مهمترین نهاده‌های دخیل در تصمیم گیری احداث مزارع زعفران ‌باشد. همچنین نتایج بررسی‌ها نشان داد که عملکرد کلاله و اجزای گل تحت تاثیر کیفیت آب به ویژه شاخص شوری کاهش معنی-داری دارد. لذا پیشنهاد می شود که، در برنامه‌ریزی جهت احداث مزارع زعفران این موضوع مد نظر قرار گیرد.

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