بهینه‌سازی پایدار تولید زعفران از طریق مدیریت تفکیک‌شده ویژگی‌های شیمیایی خاک در مناطق خشک: مطالعه موردی گناباد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموختۀ دکتری منهدسی منابع طبیعی- بیابان‌زدایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، ایران.

2 دانش آموختۀ دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشگاه هرمزگان، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی استراتژیک مدیریت جامع منابع خاک و بررسی تأثیر ویژگی‌های شیمیایی خاک بر کشت زعفران در شهرستان گناباد انجام شد. مطالعه حاضر ویژگی‌های شیمیایی خاک را در سه منطقه متمایز (مرکزی، کاخک-کلات، و پسکلوت) با استفاده از تجزیه واریانس یک‌طرفه و تحلیل همبستگی پیرسون بررسی کرد. نتایج نشان داد که هدایت الکتریکی (EC)، نسبت جذب سدیم (SAR)، و غلظت کاتیون‌های کلسیم و منیزیم تفاوت‌های معنی‌داری (p<0.01) بین منطقه‌ها دارند، با بالاترین مقادیر در منطقه پسکلوت (44/5  EC=میلی‌زیمنس بر سانتی‌متر، 29/7SAR=). این شرایط با کاهش عملکرد زعفران به دلیل فشار اسمزی و اختلال در جذب عناصر غذایی همراه است. در مقابل، اسیدیته (pH)، درصد اشباع، ماده آلی، و محتوای پتاسیم تفاوت معنی‌داری نشان ندادند (05/0> p)، که امکان مدیریت یکپارچه این پارامترها را فراهم می‌کند. تحلیل همبستگی روابط قوی (p < 0.01) بین شوری و کاتیون‌های کلسیم (943/0 r=)، منیزیم (950/0 r=)، و سدیم (474/0 r= با SAR) را تأیید کرد. این یافته‌ها بر ضرورت مدیریت تفکیک‌شده برای هر منطقه، به‌ویژه کنترل شوری و سدیمی بودن خاک در پسکلوت و تقویت ماده آلی در منطقه‌های مرکزی و کاخک-کلات، تأکید دارد. این پژوهش چارچوبی علمی برای سیاست‌گذاری هدفمند و پایدار ارائه می‌دهد که می‌تواند بهره‌وری زعفران و پایداری منابع طبیعی را در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک بهبود بخشد.

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