نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اگروتکنولوژی، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، تربت حیدریه، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش عملکرد کمی و کیفی زیره سبز و کنجد را پس از برداشت زعفران بررسی می‌کند. آزمایش به‌صورت طرح اسپلیت پلات در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در تربت حیدریه و زاوه طی سال زراعی 1402-1401 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل دو سطح کاربری پیشین زمین (آیش 5 ساله و مزارع پس از برداشت زعفران) به‌عنوان کرت اصلی و دو گونه گیاهی (کنجد و زیره سبز) به‌عنوان کرت فرعی بودند. صفات ارزیابی‌شده شامل ویژگی‌های خاک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و ارزیابی اقتصادی گیاهان بود. نتایج نشان داد که زیره سبز در مزارع پس از زعفران عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیکی بالاتری نسبت به مزارع آیش داشت، که منجر به افزایش سود اقتصادی برای کشاورزان شد. در گیاه زیره، مزارع پس از برداشت زعفران در مقایسه با مزارع پس از آیش، افزایش‌های قابل توجهی در صفات مختلف نشان دادند، از جمله افزایش ۲۰٫۵۱ درصدی در ارتفاع بوته، افزایش ۷٫۵ درصدی در تعداد چتر در هر بوته، افزایش ۹٫۹۷ درصدی در تعداد بذر در هر چتر، افزایش ۱۷٫۸۱ درصدی در تعداد بذر در هر بوته، افزایش ۱۵٫۷۵ درصدی در عملکرد دانه و افزایش ۱۸٫۷۱ درصدی در عملکرد بیولوژیکی. در مقابل، شاخص برداشت 46/2 درصد کاهش یافت. همچنین، در تمامی صفات مورد بررسی، خصوصیات رشدی گیاهان زیره سبز و کنجد افزایش معناداری داشت. یافته‌ها بر اهمیت انتخاب تناوب زراعی با زعفران برای بهبود عملکرد محصولات و افزایش درآمد کشاورزان در مناطق زعفران‌خیز تأکید دارد.

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