Journal of Saffron Research

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

FAQ

Terms and conditions of submitting an article

Paper Preparation Guide

Journal Forms

Assessing involved Managing Factors in Gap Yield between Traditional and Ideal Saffron Cultivating Systems in Razavi and South Khorasan Provinces

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Plant production department, University of Torbat Heydarieh

2 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Faculty of Bardsir, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran

Abstract

The average stigma yield of traditional saffron cultivating systems is 3.2 kg.ha-1 in Iran. Based on ideal cultivating systems, the stigma yield equivalent 41 kg.ha-1 in Ferdows region, 38 kg.ha-1 in Bakhazr region, 30 and 25 kg.ha-1 in Torbat Heydarieh region is recorded. The aim of the study was investigation of involved managing factors in gap yield of traditional and ideal saffron cultivating systems in Razavi and south Khorasan Provinces. Managing factors for ideal system were recorded with respect to comments provided in the questionnaires by experts viewpoints. Traditional managing factors were recorded from 239 saffron farms in various regions of Razavi and south Khorasan Provinces. In addition, soil samples were selected from all studied farms. The results showed that saffron yield average in Razavi and south Khorasan Provinces was varied between 1.23-6.67 kg.ha-1 during 2011-2017. A positive and significant correlation between precipitations with yield (b=0.002*) was observed. But, by increasing mean temperature in the studied areas, saffron yield decreased (b=-0.223**). The relationship between the amount of organic matter (b=2.42*), nitrogen (b=9.40*), phosphorus (b=0.093*) and soil sand content (b=0.007*) was positive with yield, but it decreased by increasing clay content (b=-0.015*). The results confirmed that there is an average stigma yield gap of more than 20 kg.ha-1 between traditional and ideal cultivation conditions. Using small corm instead of the corm weighing more than 8 g for planting, mass planting instead of row planting, low density planting of corm, low manure application, inappropriate first irrigation time in autumn, inappropriate corm sowing date, weed control at inappropriate time and no-foliar application in the second half of the winter were the most important involved parameters in gap yield of traditional and ideal systems.

Keywords

References
Abarghuei, H., Ghalavand, A., Mazaheri, D., Nurmohammadi, G., and Sabei, M., 2000. Effect of temperature on flowering and potential of Iranian Saffron corm ecotypes. Pajoohesh v Sazandegi. 49, 65-69. [in Persian with English Summary].
Abbaspoor, M., Norozzadeh S., and Torabi H., 2011. Efficacy of some new herbicides on weeds grown in saffron fields. p. 2644-2646. Proceedings of the 7th Iranian Horticultural Science Congress, 5–8 Sep. 2011. Isfahan, Iran. [in Persian with English Summary].
Abbaspoor, M., 2017. Chemical weed control in saffron (Crocus sativus) fields. J. Plant Prot.  31, 409-419. [in Persian with English Summary].
Adams, R.M., 2000. Climate variability and climate change: Implications for agriculture. IRI Proceedings. Oregon State University, USA.
Aggarval, P.K., 1994. Constraints in wheat productivity in India. In: Aggarval, P.K., Kalra, N. (Eds.), Simulating the Effect of Climatic Factors, Genotype and Management on Productivity of Wheat in India. Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India, pp. 1-11.
Alizadeh, A., Sayyari, N., Ahmadian, J., and Mohamadian, A., 2009. Study for zoning the most appropriate time of irrigation of saffron (Crocus Sativus) in Khorasan Razavi, North and Southern provinces. J.  Water Soil. 23, 109-118. [in Persian with English Summary].
Anonymous., 2018. http://irimo.ir/far/wd/2703.html#report_builder_form. (Visited at August 2018).
Atkinson, D., and Porter, J.R., 1996. Temperature, plant development and crop yields. Trend Plant Sci. 4, 119-124. [in Persian with English Summary].
Behdani, M.A., Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M., and Rezvani Moghaddam, P., 2005. Evaluation of quantitative relationships between saffron yield and nutrition (on farm trial). J. Field Crop Res. 3(1), 1-14. [in Persian with English Summary].
Behnia, M.R., 2009. Effect of planting methods and corm density in saffron (Crocus sativus L.) yield in Damavand region. Pajouhesh v Sazandegi. 79, 101-108. [in Persian with English Summary].
Esmaelnejad, M., 2017. Assessment and mapping of heat stress affecting the saffron In South Khorasan Province. J. Saffron Res. 4, 159-171. [in Persian with English Summary].
Fallahi, H.R., Alami, S.,  Behdani, M.A., and Aghhavani Shajari, M., 2016. Evaluation of local and scientific knowledge in saffron agronomy (Case study: Sarayan). J. Saffron Res. 3, 31-50. [in Persian with English Summary].
Ghobadi, F., Ghorbani Javid, M., and Sorooshzadeh, A., 2015. Effects of planting date and corm size on flower yield and physiological traits of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under Varamin plain climatic conditions. Saffron Agron. & Technol. 2, 265-276. [in Persian with English Summary].
Ghodsipour, H., 2002. Analytical Hierarchy Process. Amir Kabir University Press, Tehran, Iran. 220 p. [in Persian].
Golparvar, P., Mirshekari, B., and Borhani, P., 2012. Application of herbicides with limited dose can play a major role in suitable weeds control in saffron fields. World Appl. Sci. J. 20, 1266-1269.
Gresta, F., Lombardo, G.M., and Avola, G., 2009. Saffron stigmas production as affected by soil texture. 3rd International Symposium on Saffron: Forthcoming Challenges in Cultivation, Research and Economics.
Hesam-Arefi, I.H., Saffari, M., and Moradi, R., 2018. Gap analysis of wheat production and influencing factors in Kerman province. J. Agroecol. 8(1), 106-123. [in Persian with English Summary].
Hosseini, M., Mollafilabi, A., and Nassiri, M., 2008. The long-term effects of fluctuations in temperature and precipitation on the yield of saffron. Iran. J. Field Crop Res.  6(1), 1-14. [in Persian with English Summary].
Ilkaee, M.N., Moradi, R., Mansouri, H., Ghorbani, S., and Paknajad, F., 2017. Effect of abiotic environmental factors on growth and essential oil characteristics of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plant. 20, 729-743.
Kafi, M., Rashed, M.H., Koocheki, A., and Mollafilabi, A., 2002. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), Production and Processing. Center of Excellence for Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. [in Persian].
Koocheki, A., Karbasi, A., and Seyyedi, S.M., 2017. Some reasons for saffron yield loss over the last 30 years period (Review Article). Saffron Agron. & Technol. 5, 107-122. [in Persian with English Summary].
Koocheki, A., Nassiri, M., Alizadeh, A., and Ganjeali, A., 2009. Modelling the impact of climate change on flowering behavior of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Iran. J. Field Crop Res. 7(2), 583-594. [in Persian with English Summary].
Koocheki, A., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., and Fallahi, H.R., 2016. Effects of planting dates, irrigation management and cover crops on growth and yield of saffron. J. Agroecol. 3, 435-451. [in Persian with English Summary].
Koocheki, A., Seyyedi, S.M., and Jamshid Eyni, M., 2014. Irrigation levels and dense planting affect flower yield and phosphorus concentration of saffron corms under semi-arid region of Mashhad, Northeast Iran. Sci. Hortic. 180, 147–155.
Koocheki, A., Azizi, E., Siahmarguee, A., and Jahani Kondori, M., 2014b. Investigation the effects of soil texture and density on corm characteristics and flower yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). J. Agroecol. 6(3), 453-466. [in Persian with English Summary].
MAJ (Ministry of Agriculture Jihad of the I.R. of Iran)., 2018. Planning and Economics Department, Statistics Bank of Iranian Agriculture. http://www.maj.ir/english/Statistic/Default.asp?p=statistic. (Visited at July 2018).
Mohammad Abadi, A., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., and Fallahi, H.R., 2011. Effects of planting pattern and the first irrigation date on growth and yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). J. Agroecol. 3(1), 84-93. [in Persian with English Summary].
NASA., 2018. https://power.larc.nasa.gov/data-access-viewer/. (Visited at July 2018).
Nekahi, M.Z., Soltani, A., Siahmarguee A., and Bagherani, N., 2014. Yield gap associated with crop management in wheat (Case study: Golestan province-Bandar-gaz). EJCP. 7(2), 135-156. [in Persian with English Summary].
Norouzzadeh S., Abbaspoor M., and Delghandi, M., 2007. Chemical weed control in saffron fields of Iran. Acta Hort. 739, 119-122.
Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Khorramdel, S., and Mollafilabi, A., 2015. Evaluation of soil physical and chemical characteristics impacts on morphological criteria and yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). J. Saffron Res. 3(2), 188-203. [in Persian with English Summary].
Saidirad, M.H., Mansoorian, N., and Behdad, M., 2007. Technical and economical comparsion of tillage implements used for crust breaking of Saffron cultivation at different irrigations times. J. Agric.  Eng. Res. 8, 93-104. [in Persian with English Summary].
Torabi, B., Soltani, A., Galeshi, S., Zeinali, E. and Kazemi Korgehei, M., 2013. Ranking factors causing the wheat yield gap in Gorgan. EJCP. 6(1), 171-189. [in Persian with English Summary].
Zare Hosseini, H., Ghorbani, R., Rashed Mohassel, M.H., and Rahimi, H., 2014. Effects of weed management strategies on weed density and biomass and saffron (Crocus sativus) yield. Saffron Agron. & Technol. 2, 45-58.
Zarghani, F., Karimi, A., Khorasani, R., and Lakzian, A., 2016. Effect of soil physical and chemical characteristics on the growth characteristics of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) corms in Torbat-e Heydariyeh county. J. Agroecol.  8, 120-133. [in Persian with English Summary].
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics