Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 PhD graduate in Plant Genetics and Breeding, University of Zanjan
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar
Abstract
In order to optimize saffron callus formation at different hormone concentrations in the presence of carbon nanotubes, an experiment was conducted in the form of response surface methodology at the Biotechnology Laboratory of Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar Branch. The studied traits included callus number, callus diameter, callus weight, callus induction percentage, and factors included hormone concentrations of 2-4-D (0.5-2 mg/L), BAP (0-1.5 mg/L), and multi-walled carbon nanotube concentrations (0-50 μg/mL). The results of the regression model fit showed that the quadratic function was a good fit for callus number, callus diameter, callus fresh weight, and callus formation percentage. The highest callus formation percentage was observed at a concentration of 0.5 mM 2-4-D and 25 mg of carbon nanotubes. At low concentrations of 2-4-D, increasing the amount of carbon nanotubes caused a decrease in the callus induction percentage, but at high concentrations of 2-4-D, it increased the callus induction percentage. The changes in the number, weight, and diameter of callus against different concentrations of 2-4-D and BAP were almost similar, so that both at low and high concentrations, increasing the concentration of BAP increased the studied traits. The number, weight, and diameter of callus increased with increasing the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the presence of BAP. Overall, the results of the optimization experiment showed that the highest callus diameter (18.81 mm, callus weight 0.26 mg) and induction (91.92% callus) were observed under the conditions of 0.5 mM 2-4-D, 1.5 mM BAP, and 28.94 mg of multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Keywords